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Secret Service code name. President John F. Kennedy, codename "Lancer" with First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy, codename "Lace". The United States Secret Service uses code names for U.S. presidents, first ladies, and other prominent persons and locations. [1] The use of such names was originally for security purposes and dates to a time when ...
Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; [1] [b] 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to ...
Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was the first president of France from 1848 to 1852, and the last monarch of France as the second Emperor of the French from 1852 until he was deposed on 4 September 1870. Prior to his reign, Napoleon III was known as Louis Napoleon Bonaparte.
The military career of Napoleon spanned over 20 years. He led French armies in the French Revolutionary Wars and later, as emperor, in the Napoleonic Wars. Despite his rich war-winning record, Napoleon's military career ended in defeat. Napoleon has since been regarded as a military genius and one of the finest commanders in history.
The Napoleonic Code ( French: Code Napoléon ), officially the Civil Code of the French ( French: Code civil des Français; simply referred to as Code civil ), is the French civil code established during the French Consulate in 1804 and still in force in France, although heavily and frequently amended since its inception. [1]
The First French Empire, officially the French Republic, [5] [b] then the French Empire ( French: Empire Français; Latin: Imperium Francicum) after 1809 and also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century.
Baron of the Empire. Antoine-Henri Jomini ( French: [ʒɔmini]; 6 March 1779 – 22 March 1869) [1] was a Swiss military officer who served as a general in French and later in Russian service, and one of the most celebrated writers on the Napoleonic art of war. Jomini was largely self-taught in military strategy, [2] and his ideas are a staple ...
Legacy of Napoleon. French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte (1769–1821) has a highly polarized legacy—Napoleon is typically loved or hated with few nuances. The large and steadily expanding historiography in French, English, Russian, Spanish and other languages has been summarized and evaluated by numerous scholars.