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Socratic questioning. "The unexamined life is not worth living". Socrates ( / ˈsɒkrətiːz /; [ 2] Greek: Σωκράτης; c. 470 – 399 BC) was a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as the founder of Western philosophy and as among the first moral philosophers of the ethical tradition of thought. An enigmatic figure, Socrates ...
Modern philosophy and especially Enlightenment philosophy [60] is distinguished by its increasing independence from traditional authorities such as the Church, academia, and Aristotelianism; [61] [62] a new focus on the foundations of knowledge and metaphysical system-building; [63] [64] and the emergence of modern physics out of natural ...
In epistemology, the Münchhausen trilemma is a thought experiment intended to demonstrate the theoretical impossibility of proving any truth, even in the fields of logic and mathematics, without appealing to accepted assumptions. If it is asked how any given proposition is known to be true, proof in support of that proposition may be provided.
Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language. It is a rational and critical inquiry that reflects on its own methods and assumptions. Historically, many of the individual sciences, such as physics and ...
The analytic–synthetic distinction is a semantic distinction used primarily in philosophy to distinguish between propositions (in particular, statements that are affirmative subject – predicate judgments) that are of two types: analytic propositions and synthetic propositions. Analytic propositions are true or not true solely by virtue of ...
Pre-Socratic philosophy began in the 6th century BC with the three Milesians: Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes. They all attributed the arche (a word that could take the meaning of "origin", "substance" or "principle") of the world to, respectively, water, apeiron (the unlimited), and air. Another three pre-Socratic philosophers came from ...
Monadology. Monadology. The Monadology ( French: La Monadologie, 1714) is one of Gottfried Leibniz 's best known works of his later philosophy. It is a short text which presents, in some 90 paragraphs, a metaphysics of simple substances, or monads .
School. Combines approaches from analytic and continental philosophy. Main interests. Philosophy of education, ethics. Nel Noddings ( / ˈnɑːdɪŋz /; January 19, 1929 – August 25, 2022) was an American feminist, educator, and philosopher best known for her work in philosophy of education, educational theory, and ethics of care .