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Curtius rearrangement. The Curtius rearrangement (or Curtius reaction or Curtius degradation ), first defined by Theodor Curtius in 1885, is the thermal decomposition of an acyl azide to an isocyanate with loss of nitrogen gas. [1] [2] The isocyanate then undergoes attack by a variety of nucleophiles such as water, alcohols and amines, to yield ...
mechanism. In organic chemistry, the Ei mechanism ( Elimination Internal/Intramolecular ), also known as a thermal syn elimination or a pericyclic syn elimination, is a special type of elimination reaction in which two vicinal (adjacent) substituents on an alkane framework leave simultaneously via a cyclic transition state to form an alkene in ...
The Leuckart reaction is the chemical reaction that converts aldehydes or ketones to amines by reductive amination in the presence of heat. [1] [2] The reaction, named after Rudolf Leuckart, uses either ammonium formate or formamide as the nitrogen donor and reducing agent. [3] It requires high temperatures, usually between 120 and 130 °C; for ...
Williamson ether synthesis. The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction, forming an ether from an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol ( alkoxide ). This reaction was developed by Alexander Williamson in 1850. [2] Typically it involves the reaction of an alkoxide ion with a primary alkyl halide via an S N 2 reaction.
Phencyclidine or phenylcyclohexyl piperidine ( PCP ), also known in its use as a street drug as angel dust among other names, is a dissociative anesthetic mainly used recreationally for its significant mind-altering effects. [1] [5] PCP may cause hallucinations, distorted perceptions of sounds, and violent behavior.
The reaction is a variant of the Gomberg-Bachmann reaction. The following reaction scheme shows the Pschorr cyclization for the example of phenanthrene: Pschorr-Cyclisierung Reaction mechanism. In the course of the Pschorr cyclization, a diazotization of the starting compound occurs, so that an aryldiazonium salt is formed as intermediate.
Reaction systems that are less efficient or entirely inactive in the absence of carboxylate acids and bases are likely to occur through a concerted metalation protonation reaction pathway. [15] An example of such a reaction with an sp 3 C–H bond that was reported in 2007 by Keith Fagnou and coworkers is an intramolecular cyclization that uses ...
In a variation the reaction of phenols and beta-ketoesters and phosphorus pentoxide yields a chromone. This reaction is called Simonis chromone cyclization. The ketone in the ketoester is activated by P 2 O 5 for reaction with the phenol hydroxyl group first, the ester group in it is then activated for electrophilic attack of the arene.