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A solution of hydrogen cyanide in water, represented as HCN, is called hydrocyanic acid. The saltsof the cyanide anion are known as cyanides. Whether hydrogen cyanide is an organic compoundor not is a topic of debate among chemists, and opinions vary from author to author.
Cyanide is a potent cytochrome c oxidase (COX, a.k.a. Complex IV) inhibitor, causing asphyxiation of cells. As such, cyanide poisoning is a form of histotoxic hypoxia, because it interferes with the ability of cells to take or use oxygen via oxidative phosphorylation. [ 25]: 1475. Specifically, cyanide binds to the heme a3-CuB binuclear center ...
The hydrogen cyanide gas chamber is considered to be the most dangerous, most complicated, most time-consuming and most expensive method of administering the death penalty. [ 34 ] [ 35 ] [ 36 ] It is also notoriously impossible to halt once initiated, which has occurred in the case of stays, such as in the case of Burton Abbott .
Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. For example, carbon-containing compounds such as alkanes (e.g. methane CH4) and its derivatives are universally considered ...
The most hazardous compound is hydrogen cyanide, which is a gas and kills by inhalation. For this reason, an air respirator supplied by an external oxygen source must be worn when working with hydrogen cyanide. [11] Hydrogen cyanide is produced by adding acid to a solution containing a cyanide salt.
Blood agents work at the cellular level by preventing the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the body's cells. This causes the cells to suffocate from lack of oxygen. [2] Cyanide-based agents do so by interrupting the electron transport chain in the inner membranes of mitochondria.
Several energy sources in planetary atmospheres can induce these dissociation reactions and subsequent hydrogen cyanide or aldehyde formation, including lightning, [32] ultraviolet light, [30] and galactic cosmic rays. [33] For example, here is a set photochemical reactions of species in the Miller-Urey atmosphere that can result in ...
An asphyxiant gas, also known as a simple asphyxiant, is a nontoxic or minimally toxic gas which reduces or displaces the normal oxygen concentration in breathing air. Breathing of oxygen-depleted air can lead to death by asphyxiation (suffocation). Because asphyxiant gases are relatively inert and odorless, their presence in high concentration ...