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Spatial GARCH processes by Otto, Schmid and Garthoff (2018) [15] are considered as the spatial equivalent to the temporal generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models. In contrast to the temporal ARCH model, in which the distribution is known given the full information set for the prior periods, the distribution is ...
Conditional expectation. In probability theory, the conditional expectation, conditional expected value, or conditional mean of a random variable is its expected value evaluated with respect to the conditional probability distribution. If the random variable can take on only a finite number of values, the "conditions" are that the variable can ...
Coupon collector's problem. In probability theory, the coupon collector's problem refers to mathematical analysis of "collect all coupons and win" contests. It asks the following question: if each box of a given product (e.g., breakfast cereals) contains a coupon, and there are n different types of coupons, what is the probability that more ...
Probability theory. In probability theory, conditional probability is a measure of the probability of an event occurring, given that another event (by assumption, presumption, assertion or evidence) is already known to have occurred. [ 1] This particular method relies on event A occurring with some sort of relationship with another event B.
Expected shortfall ( ES) is a risk measure —a concept used in the field of financial risk measurement to evaluate the market risk or credit risk of a portfolio. The "expected shortfall at q% level" is the expected return on the portfolio in the worst of cases. ES is an alternative to value at risk that is more sensitive to the shape of the ...
A normal part of the mortgage application process, conditional approval means the lender will give you a home loan, provided you address certain additional criteria. Common conditions to change ...
Conditional rebate. A conditional rebate is a sales-based promotion typically used by retailers to increase their sales, generate traffic and create publicity. The rebate is commonly an element of a marketing strategy and an advertising campaign. With this specific type of rebate, a company typically offers a certain amount of their product, or ...
Bayes' theorem (alternatively Bayes' law or Bayes' rule, after Thomas Bayes) gives a mathematical rule for inverting conditional probabilities, allowing us to find the probability of a cause given its effect. [ 1] For example, if the risk of developing health problems is known to increase with age, Bayes' theorem allows the risk to an ...