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Graph of number of coupons, n vs the expected number of trials (i.e., time) needed to collect them all, E (T ) In probability theory, the coupon collector's problem refers to mathematical analysis of "collect all coupons and win" contests.
Original Issue Discount ( OID) is a type of interest that is not payable as it accrues. OID is normally created when a debt, usually a bond, is issued at a discount. In effect, selling a bond at a discount converts stated principal into a return on investment, or interest. The accurate determination of principal and interest is necessary in ...
Discounts and allowances are reductions to a basic price of goods or services.. They can occur anywhere in the distribution channel, modifying either the manufacturer's list price (determined by the manufacturer and often printed on the package), the retail price (set by the retailer and often attached to the product with a sticker), or the list price (which is quoted to a potential buyer ...
Duration (finance) In finance, the duration of a financial asset that consists of fixed cash flows, such as a bond, is the weighted average of the times until those fixed cash flows are received. When the price of an asset is considered as a function of yield, duration also measures the price sensitivity to yield, the rate of change of price ...
The airline ticket may be one of two types: a paper ticket, which comprises coupons or vouchers; and an electronic ticket (commonly referred to as an e-ticket ). The ticket, in either form, is required to obtain a boarding pass during check-in at the airport. Then with the boarding pass and the attached ticket, the passenger is allowed to board ...
tf–idf. In information retrieval, tf–idf (also TF*IDF, TFIDF, TF–IDF, or Tf–idf ), short for term frequency–inverse document frequency, is a measure of importance of a word to a document in a collection or corpus, adjusted for the fact that some words appear more frequently in general. [ 1] Like the bag-of-words model, it models a ...
Day count convention. In finance, a day count convention determines how interest accrues over time for a variety of investments, including bonds, notes, loans, mortgages, medium-term notes, swaps, and forward rate agreements (FRAs). This determines the number of days between two coupon payments, thus calculating the amount transferred on ...
Arrears. In finance, arrears (or arrearage) is a legal term for the part of a debt that is overdue after missing one or more required payments. [ 1] The amount of the arrears is the amount accrued from the date on which the first missed payment was due. The term is usually used in relation with periodically-recurring payments such as rent ...