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The Sherman Antitrust Act is a landmark federal law in the United States that prohibits monopolies and unfair business practices that harm competition. It was enacted in 1890 and named after Senator John Sherman, who was its main author. The act has been used to regulate and break up some of the most powerful corporations in American history, such as Standard Oil, AT&T, and Microsoft.
I, Sec 8. United States v. E. C. Knight Co., 156 U.S. 1 (1895), also known as the " Sugar Trust Case ," was a United States Supreme Court antitrust case that severely limited the federal government's power to pursue antitrust actions under the Sherman Antitrust Act. In Chief Justice Melville Fuller 's majority opinion, the Court held that the ...
The rule of reason is a legal doctrine used to interpret the Sherman Antitrust Act, one of the cornerstones of United States antitrust law.While some actions like price-fixing are considered illegal per se, other actions, such as possession of a monopoly, must be analyzed under the rule of reason and are only considered illegal when their effect is to unreasonably restrain trade.
The history of United States antitrust law is generally taken to begin with the Sherman Antitrust Act 1890, although some form of policy to regulate competition in the market economy has existed throughout the common law 's history. Although "trust" had a technical legal meaning, the word was commonly used to denote big business, especially a ...
Sherman Antitrust Act Northern Securities Co. v. United States , 193 U.S. 197 (1904), was a case heard by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1903. The Court ruled 5-4 against the stockholders of the Great Northern and Northern Pacific railroad companies, which had essentially formed a monopoly and to dissolve the Northern Securities Company .
United States v. Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey, 173 F. 177 ( C.C.E.D. Mo. 1909) The Standard Oil Company conspired to restrain the trade and commerce in petroleum, and to monopolize the commerce in petroleum, in violation of the Sherman Act, and was split into many smaller companies. Several individuals, including John D. Rockefeller, were fined.
Sherman Antitrust Act. United States v. American Tobacco Company, 221 U.S. 106 (1911), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court, which held that the combination in this case is one in restraint of trade and an attempt to monopolize the business of tobacco in interstate commerce within the prohibitions of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.
The Sherman Silver Purchase Act was a United States federal law enacted on July 14, 1890. [1] The measure did not authorize the free and unlimited coinage of silver that the Free Silver supporters wanted. It increased the amount of silver the government was required to purchase on a recurrent monthly basis to 4.5 million ounces.