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Types. Physiological, psychological [ 1] Non-epileptic seizures ( NES ), also known as non-epileptic events, are paroxysmal events that appear similar to an epileptic seizure but do not involve abnormal, rhythmic discharges of neurons in the brain. [ 2] Symptoms may include shaking, loss of consciousness, and loss of bladder control.
[10] [11] [12] Although these symptoms are possible in epileptic seizures, they are much more commonly found in PNES. PNES episodes are often less injurious than epileptic seizures. Unlike epilepsy, many PNES patients presenting with total unresponsiveness still retain some form of conscious response, including the natural behavior to protect ...
Specialty. Neurology. A generalized tonic–clonic seizure, commonly known as a grand mal seizure or GTCS, [ 1] is a type of generalized seizure that produces bilateral, convulsive tonic and clonic muscle contractions. Tonic–clonic seizures are the seizure type most commonly associated with epilepsy and seizures in general and the most common ...
Ictal headache. 1. Ictal epileptic headache (IEH) [2] [4] or, more simply, Epileptic headache (EH, since the term "ictal" is pleonastic, as a headache manifestation of an epileptic seizure is by definition ictal). [3] This is a rare form of painful seizure. [3] [7] EH may be the initial phase (so-called aura, necessarily with awareness) of an ...
Postictal state. The postictal state is the altered state of consciousness after an epileptic seizure. It usually lasts between 5 and 30 minutes, but sometimes longer in the case of larger or more severe seizures, and is characterized by drowsiness, confusion, nausea, hypertension, headache or migraine, and other disorienting symptoms.
Frequency. 40 per 100,000 people per year [ 2] Status epilepticus ( SE ), or status seizure, is a medical condition consisting of a single seizure lasting more than 5 minutes, or 2 or more seizures within a 5-minute period without the person returning to normal between them. [ 3][ 1] Previous definitions used a 30-minute time limit. [ 2]
Conversion disorder (CD), or functional neurologic symptom disorder, is a diagnostic category used in some psychiatric classification systems.It is sometimes applied to patients who present with neurological symptoms, such as numbness, blindness, paralysis, or fits, which are not consistent with a well-established organic cause, which cause significant distress, and can be traced back to a ...
Causes of seizures. Generally, seizures are observed in patients who do not have epilepsy. [ 1] There are many causes of seizures. Organ failure, medication and medication withdrawal, cancer, imbalance of electrolytes, hypertensive encephalopathy, may be some of its potential causes. [ 2] The factors that lead to a seizure are often complex and ...