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Acetyl chloride is a reagent for the preparation of esters and amides of acetic acid, used in the derivatization of alcohols and amines. One class of acetylation reactions are esterification, for example the reaction with ethanol to produce ethyl acetate and hydrogen chloride: CH 3 COCl + HO−CH 2 −CH 3 → CH 3 −COO−CH 2 −CH 3 + HCl
In organic chemistry, acetyl is a functional group with the chemical formula −COCH3 and the structure −C (=O)−CH3. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac[ 5][ 6] (not to be confused with the element actinium ). In IUPAC nomenclature, acetyl is called ethanoyl . The acetyl group contains a methyl group ( −CH3) single-bonded to a ...
Acyl chloride. In organic chemistry, an acyl chloride (or acid chloride) is an organic compound with the functional group −C (=O)Cl. Their formula is usually written R−COCl, where R is a side chain. They are reactive derivatives of carboxylic acids ( R−C (=O)OH ). A specific example of an acyl chloride is acetyl chloride, CH3COCl.
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, [ 1] including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen atom and an organyl group ( R−C=O) or hydrogen in the case of formyl group ( H−C=O ). In organic chemistry, the acyl group ( IUPAC name alkanoyl if the organyl ...
Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula CH 3 CN and structure H 3 C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic). It is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture.
A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule with distinctive chemical properties, regardless of the other atoms in the molecule. The atoms in a functional group are linked to each other and to the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds. For repeating units of polymers, functional groups attach to their nonpolar core of carbon atoms and ...
The major use of chloroacetyl chloride is as an intermediate in the production of herbicides in the chloroacetanilide family including metolachlor, acetochlor, alachlor and butachlor; an estimated 100 million pounds are used annually. Some chloroacetyl chloride is also used to produce phenacyl chloride, another chemical intermediate, also used ...
For example, Friedel–Crafts acylation uses acetyl chloride (CH 3 COCl) as the agent and aluminum chloride (AlCl 3) as a catalyst to add an acetyl group to benzene: [2] Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene by ethanoyl chloride. This reaction is an example of electrophilic aromatic substitution.