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Norketamine. Norketamine, or N-desmethylketamine, is the major active metabolite of ketamine, which is formed mainly by CYP3A4. [1] [2] Similarly to ketamine, norketamine acts as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, [1] [3] but is about 3–5 times less potent as an anesthetic in comparison. [2] [4]
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic used medically for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. It is also used as a treatment for depression and pain management. [19] It is a novel compound that was derived from phencyclidine in 1962 in pursuit of a safer anesthetic with fewer hallucinogenic effects. [20] [21]
Acute severe asthma. Silent chest, worsening symptoms despite use of medication. [1] Acute severe asthma, also known as status asthmaticus, is an acute exacerbation of asthma that does not respond to standard treatments of bronchodilators (inhalers) and corticosteroids. [2] Asthma is caused by multiple genes, some having protective effect, with ...
Ketamine comes with a “unique set of risks, both to the individual but also to society,” including the potential for drug abuse and unknown effects of frequent use, especially at higher levels.
Ketamine’s antidepressant effects are part of what prompted researchers to explore other drugs that target glutamate—like the venerable cough suppressant dextromethorphan found in Robitussin ...
Ketamine, an anesthetic and mental health medication, is known for its rapid antidepressant effects. It significantly impacts sleep, often reducing REM and slow-wave sleep, and isn't typically ...
Dehydronorketamine ( DHNK ), or 5,6-dehydronorketamine, is a minor metabolite of ketamine which is formed by dehydrogenation of its metabolite norketamine. [1] [2] Though originally considered to be inactive, [1] [2] [3] DHNK has been found to act as a potent and selective negative allosteric modulator of the α 7 -nicotinic acetylcholine ...
Hydroxynorketamine ( HNK ), or 6-hydroxynorketamine, is a minor metabolite of the anesthetic, dissociative, and antidepressant drug ketamine. [ 1] It is formed by hydroxylation of the intermediate norketamine, another metabolite of ketamine. [ 1] As of late 2019, (2 R ,6 R )-HNK is in clinical trials for the treatment of depression.
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