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Norketamine. Norketamine, or N-desmethylketamine, is the major active metabolite of ketamine, which is formed mainly by CYP3A4. [1] [2] Similarly to ketamine, norketamine acts as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, [1] [3] but is about 3–5 times less potent as an anesthetic in comparison. [2] [4]
Ketamine potentiates the sedative effects of propofol [85] and midazolam. [86] Naltrexone potentiates psychotomimetic effects of a low dose of ketamine, [87] while lamotrigine [38] and nimodipine [39] decrease them. Clonidine reduces the increase of salivation, heart-rate and blood-pressure during ketamine anesthesia and decreases the incidence ...
Dehydronorketamine ( DHNK ), or 5,6-dehydronorketamine, is a minor metabolite of ketamine which is formed by dehydrogenation of its metabolite norketamine. [1] [2] Though originally considered to be inactive, [1] [2] [3] DHNK has been found to act as a potent and selective negative allosteric modulator of the α 7 -nicotinic acetylcholine ...
Ketamine comes with a “unique set of risks, both to the individual but also to society,” including the potential for drug abuse and unknown effects of frequent use, especially at higher levels.
Ketamine, an anesthetic and mental health medication, is known for its rapid antidepressant effects. It significantly impacts sleep, often reducing REM and slow-wave sleep, and isn't typically ...
Esketamine, sold under the brand names Spravato (for depression) and Ketanest (for anesthesia) among others, [10] [12] is the S (+) enantiomer of ketamine. [5] [13] It is a dissociative hallucinogen drug used as a general anesthetic and as an antidepressant for treatment of depression. Esketamine is the active enantiomer of ketamine in terms of ...
The "Friends" star died of acute effects of ketamine, according to the Los Angeles County Medical Examiner’s Office. Matthew Perry's cause of death The 54-year-old actor's cause of death was ...
Hydroxynorketamine ( HNK ), or 6-hydroxynorketamine, is a minor metabolite of the anesthetic, dissociative, and antidepressant drug ketamine. [ 1] It is formed by hydroxylation of the intermediate norketamine, another metabolite of ketamine. [ 1] As of late 2019, (2 R ,6 R )-HNK is in clinical trials for the treatment of depression.
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