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Gas, one of the three fundamental states of matter, with distinctly different properties from the liquid and solid states. The remarkable feature of gases is that they appear to have no structure at all. They have neither a definite size nor shape, whereas ordinary solids have both a definite size.
The ideal gas equation of state is an amalgamation of three ideal gas laws that were formulated independently. The first is Boyle’s law , which refers to the elastic properties of the gas; it was described by the Anglo-Irish scientist Robert Boyle in 1662 in his famous “ . . .
Gas is one of the three principle states of matter. The properties of gases are distinctly different from those of liquids and solids —the other principle states. Gases have neither a definite volume nor a definite shape.
Phase, in thermodynamics, chemically and physically uniform or homogeneous quantity of matter that can be separated mechanically from a nonhomogeneous mixture and that may consist of a single substance or a mixture of substances. The three fundamental phases of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
Less-clearly defined states of matter include plasmas, which are ionized gases at very high temperatures; foams, which combine aspects of liquids and solids; and clusters, which are assemblies of small numbers of atoms or molecules that display both atomic-level and bulklike properties.
Solid, one of the three basic states of matter, the others being liquid and gas. A solid forms from liquid or gas because the energy of atoms decreases when the atoms take up a relatively ordered, three-dimensional structure.
Plasma, in physics, an electrically conducting medium in which there are roughly equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles, produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized. It is sometimes referred to as the fourth state of matter, distinct from the solid, liquid, and gaseous states.
Matter exists in several different forms, called states. The three most familiar states are solid, liquid, and gas. Rocks, books, desks, and balls are examples of solids. Matter in the solid state has a set size and shape. A solid’s size and shape do not change easily.
Liquid, in physics, one of the three principal states of matter, intermediate between gas and crystalline solid. The most obvious physical properties of a liquid are its retention of volume and its conformation to the shape of its container.
gas, One of the three fundamental states of matter, in which matter has no definite shape, is very fluid, and has a density about 0.1% that of liquid s. Gas is very compressible but tends to expand indefinitely, and it fills any container.