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Anginal equivalent. An anginal equivalent is a symptom such as shortness of breath ( dyspnea ), diaphoresis (sweating), extreme fatigue, or pain at a site other than the chest, occurring in a patient at high cardiac risk. Anginal equivalents are considered to be symptoms of myocardial ischemia. Anginal equivalents are considered to have the ...
Shortness of breath (SOB), known as dyspnea (in AmE) or dyspnoea (in BrE), is an uncomfortable feeling of not being able to breathe well enough. The American Thoracic Society defines it as "a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity", and recommends evaluating dyspnea by assessing the intensity of its distinct ...
Orthopnea or orthopnoea [1] is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs when lying flat, [2] causing the person to have to sleep propped up in bed or sitting in a chair. It is commonly seen as a late manifestation of heart failure, resulting from fluid redistribution into the central circulation, causing an increase in pulmonary capillary pressure and causing difficulty in breathing.
20 per 100,000 per year [ 3 ][ 5 ] A pneumothorax is an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and the chest wall. [ 3 ] Symptoms typically include sudden onset of sharp, one-sided chest pain and shortness of breath. [ 2 ] In a minority of cases, a one-way valve is formed by an area of damaged tissue, and the amount of ...
Chest pain. Chest pain is pain or discomfort in the chest, typically the front of the chest. [1] It may be described as sharp, dull, pressure, heaviness or squeezing. [3] Associated symptoms may include pain in the shoulder, arm, upper abdomen, or jaw, along with nausea, sweating, or shortness of breath.
For example, new or worsening chest pain, fatigue, blackouts, dizziness, shortness of breath, weakness, or vomiting. [20] [11] When cardiac arrest is suspected by a layperson (due to signs of unconsciousness, abnormal breathing, and/or no pulse) it should be assumed that the victim is in cardiac arrest.
A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. [4] Occasionally it may feel like heartburn. Usually symptoms occur with exercise or emotional stress, last less than a few minutes, and improve with rest. [4] Shortness of breath may also occur and sometimes no symptoms are present. [4]
Shortness of breath out of proportion to effort being expended. [2] [7] Rapid, heavy or uneven breathing, or uncontrollable coughing. [10] Crackles, rattling or ‘junky’ feelings deep in the chest associated with breathing effort – usually progressively worsening with increasing shortness of breath and may be cause for a panic attack [2] [7]