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Early childhood education ( ECE ), also known as nursery education, is a branch of education theory that relates to the teaching of children (formally and informally) from birth up to the age of eight. [ 1] Traditionally, this is up to the equivalent of third grade. [ 2]
e. Special education (also known as special-needs education, aided education, alternative provision, exceptional student education, special ed., SDC, and SPED) is the practice of educating students in a way that accommodates their individual differences, disabilities, and special needs. This involves the individually planned and systematically ...
The total spending to educate students with disabilities, including regular education and special education, represents 21.4% of the $360.6 billion total spending on elementary and secondary education in the United States. The additional expenditure to educate the average student with a disability is estimated to be $5,918 per student.
v. t. e. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ( IDEA) is a piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs. IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1975 to 1990.
Early childhood intervention came about as a natural progression from special education for children with disabilities (Guralnick, 1997). Many early childhood intervention support services began as research units in universities (for example, Syracuse University in the United States and Macquarie University in Australia) while others were developed out of organizations helping older children.
Early childhood education, in its professional form, emerges in the United States in the early 20th century. In 1926, the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAYEC) was founded, and is still active today. Around this time, we also see the inception of development education standards along with teacher training programs.
Psychology. In psychology, the term early childhood is usually defined as the time period from birth until the age of five or six years, [ 1] therefore covering infancy, Pre-K, kindergarten and first grade. There are three simultaneous development stages: [ 2] It is distinct from early childhood education, and does not necessarily refer to the ...
Developmentally appropriate practice ( DAP) is a perspective within early childhood education whereby a teacher or child caregiver nurtures a child's social/emotional, physical, and cognitive development. [ 1] It is also described as a philosophy in child education that is based on child development knowledge where professionals base their ...