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Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by abnormally reduced blood pressure. [1] Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood [2] and is indicated by two numbers, the systolic blood pressure (the top number) and the diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number), which are the ...
Hypovolemic shock is a form of shock caused by severe hypovolemia (insufficient blood volume or extracellular fluid in the body). [ 1][ 2] It can be caused by severe dehydration or blood loss. [ 3][ 2] Hypovolemic shock is a medical emergency; if left untreated, the insufficient blood flow can cause damage to organs, leading to multiple organ ...
Coronary artery disease ( CAD ), also called coronary heart disease ( CHD ), ischemic heart disease ( IHD ), [ 13] myocardial ischemia, [ 14] or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart. [ 5][ 6][ 15] It is the most common of the ...
Hypertensive encephalopathy ( HE) is general brain dysfunction due to significantly high blood pressure. [ 3] Symptoms may include headache, vomiting, trouble with balance, and confusion. [ 1] Onset is generally sudden. [ 1] Complications can include seizures, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and bleeding in the back of the eye ...
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [ 1] Work on ICD-10 began in 1983, [ 2 ...
Aortic regurgitation ( AR ), also known as aortic insufficiency ( AI ), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. As a consequence, the cardiac muscle is forced to work harder than normal. [ 4 ]
Frequency. 0.6-2.5/100,000 cases per year. [ 2] In hematology, essential thrombocythemia ( ET) is a rare chronic blood cancer ( myeloproliferative neoplasm) characterised by the overproduction of platelets (thrombocytes) by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. [ 3] It may, albeit rarely, develop into acute myeloid leukemia or myelofibrosis. [ 3]
The "swinging" heart. A pericardial effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity. The pericardium is a two-part membrane surrounding the heart: the outer fibrous connective membrane and an inner two-layered serous membrane. The two layers of the serous membrane enclose the pericardial cavity (the potential space ...