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Infectious diseases. Bloodstream infections ( BSIs) are infections of blood caused by blood-borne pathogens. [ 1] The detection of microbes in the blood (most commonly accomplished by blood cultures [ 2]) is always abnormal. A bloodstream infection is different from sepsis, which is characterized by severe inflammatory or immune responses of ...
Septic shock is low blood pressure due to sepsis that does not improve after fluid replacement. [ 9 ] Sepsis is caused by many organisms including bacteria, viruses and fungi. [ 10 ] Common locations for the primary infection include the lungs, brain, urinary tract, skin, and abdominal organs. [ 2 ]
A blood-borne disease is a disease that can be spread through contamination by blood and other body fluids. Blood can contain pathogens of various types, chief among which are microorganisms, like bacteria and parasites, and non-living infectious agents such as viruses. Three blood-borne pathogens in particular, all viruses, are cited as of ...
An excess of white blood cells is usually due to infection or inflammation. Less commonly, a high white blood cell count could indicate certain blood cancers or bone marrow disorders. The number of leukocytes in the blood is often an indicator of disease, and thus the white blood cell count is an important subset of the complete blood count.
An infectious disease, also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease, is an illness resulting from an infection. Infections can be caused by a wide range of pathogens, most prominently bacteria and viruses. [ 2] Hosts can fight infections using their immune systems.
Streptolysin O is an oxygen-sensitive cytotoxin, secreted by most group A Streptococcus (GAS), and interacts with cholesterol in the membrane of eukaryotic cells (mainly red and white blood cells, macrophages, and platelets), and usually results in beta-hemolysis under the surface of blood agar.
Electron micrograph of a Plasmodium falciparum -infected red blood cell (center), illustrating adhesion protein "knobs". Malaria infection develops via two phases: one that involves the liver (exoerythrocytic phase), and one that involves red blood cells, or erythrocytes (erythrocytic phase).
A localized disease is one that affects only one part of the body, such as athlete's foot or an eye infection. Disseminated disease A disseminated disease has spread to other parts; with cancer, this is usually called metastatic disease. Systemic disease A systemic disease is a disease that affects the entire body, such as influenza or high ...