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An air cycle machine ( ACM) is the refrigeration unit of the environmental control system (ECS) used in pressurized gas turbine -powered aircraft. Normally an aircraft has two or three of these ACM. Each ACM and its components are often referred as an air conditioning pack. The air cycle cooling process uses air instead of a phase changing ...
Tubular heat exchanger. Partial view into inlet plenum of shell and tube heat exchanger of a refrigerant based chiller for providing air-conditioning to a building. A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. [ 1 ]
Environmental control system. In aeronautics, an environmental control system ( ECS) of an aircraft is an essential component which provides air supply, thermal control and cabin pressurization for the crew and passengers. Additional functions include the cooling of avionics, smoke detection, and fire suppression .
The Brayton cycle, also known as the Joule cycle, is a thermodynamic cycle that describes the operation of certain heat engines that have air or some other gas as their working fluid . It is characterized by isentropic compression and expansion, and isobaric heat addition and rejection, though practical engines have adiabatic rather than ...
Cabin pressurization is a process in which conditioned air is pumped into the cabin of an aircraft or spacecraft in order to create a safe and comfortable environment for humans flying at high altitudes. For aircraft, this air is usually bled off from the gas turbine engines at the compressor stage, and for spacecraft, it is carried in high ...
The effect was discovered in the 1930s and became more important as the speeds of piston-engined aircraft increased over the next decade. The Meredith effect occurs when air flowing through a duct is heated by a heat-exchanger or radiator containing a hot working fluid. Typically the fluid is a coolant carrying waste heat from an internal ...
Intercooler. Front-mounted air-to-air intercooler. Top-mounted air-to-liquid intercooler (the silver cuboid-shaped part) on a BMW S55 turbocharged engine. An intercooler is a heat exchanger used to cool a gas after compression. [ 1] Often found in turbocharged engines, intercoolers are also used in air compressors, air conditioners ...
A recuperator is a special purpose counter-flow energy recovery heat exchanger positioned within the supply and exhaust air streams of an air handling system, or in the exhaust gases of an industrial process, in order to recover the waste heat. Generally, they are used to extract heat from the exhaust and use it to preheat air entering the ...