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A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) is an algorithm that produces a sequence of numbers that resemble random numbers, but are completely determined by an initial value. Learn about the properties, applications, and potential issues of PRNGs, as well as the difference between PRNGs and cryptographically secure PRNGs (CSPRNGs).
Mersenne Twister is a general-purpose PRNG based on a Mersenne prime. It has a 32-bit version, MT19937, and a 64-bit version, MT19937-64, with different sequences.
Xorshift is a class of fast and efficient PRNGs that use exclusive or and bit-shift operations. Learn about their history, implementation, variations, and statistical tests.
SP800-90 series on Random Number Generation, NIST; Random Number Generation in the GNU Scientific Library Reference Manual; Random Number Generation Routines in the NAG Numerical Library; Chris Lomont's overview of PRNGs, including a good implementation of the WELL512 algorithm; Source code to read data from a TrueRNG V2 hardware TRNG
A CSPRNG is a PRNG with properties that make it suitable for use in cryptography. It can stretch the available entropy over more bits and resist state compromise attacks. Learn about its background, definitions and designs based on cryptographic primitives or mathematical problems.
ISAAC (indirection, shift, accumulate, add, and count) is a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator and a stream cipher designed by Robert J. Jenkins Jr. in 1993. [1] The reference implementation source code was dedicated to the public domain. [2] "I developed (...) tests to break a generator, and I developed the generator to ...
Fortuna is a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CS-PRNG) devised by Bruce Schneier and Niels Ferguson and published in 2003. It is named after Fortuna, the Roman goddess of chance. FreeBSD uses Fortuna for /dev/random and /dev/urandom is symbolically linked to it since FreeBSD 11. [1] Apple OSes have switched to Fortuna ...
Random.org generates random numbers based on atmospheric noise and offers free and paid services to simulate events such as flipping coins, shuffling cards, and rolling dice. It also provides tools to create lists of random numbers in a specified range and subject to a specified probability distribution.