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Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma but also occurs frequently in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [2] In the Lung Health Study, bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two-thirds of patients with non-severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other ...
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction ( EIB) occurs when the airways narrow as a result of exercise. This condition has been referred to as exercise-induced asthma ( EIA ); however, this term is no longer preferred. [ 1] While exercise does not cause asthma, it is frequently an asthma trigger.
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. [ 4] It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered bronchospasms. [ 9][ 10] Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. [ 3]
Acute severe asthma, also known as status asthmaticus, is an acute exacerbation of asthma that does not respond to standard treatments of bronchodilators (inhalers) and corticosteroids. [2] Asthma is caused by multiple genes , some having protective effect, with each gene having its own tendency to be influenced by the environment although a ...
Brittle asthma is a type of asthma distinguishable from other forms by recurrent, severe attacks. [ 1][ 2][ 3] There are two subtypes divided by symptoms: Type 1 and Type 2, [ 4] depending on the stability of the patient's maximum speed of expiration, or peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Type 1 is characterized by a maintained wide PEF ...
Reactive airway disease. Reactive airway disease ( RAD) is an informal label that physicians apply to patients with symptoms similar to those of asthma. [ 1] An exact definition of the condition does not exist. [ 1][ 2] Individuals who are typically labeled as having RAD generally have a history of wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, and production of ...
Bronchospasm or a bronchial spasm is a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. It is caused by the release ( degranulation) of substances from mast cells or basophils under the influence of anaphylatoxins. It causes difficulty in breathing which ranges from mild to severe. Bronchospasms occur in asthma, chronic ...
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), also called NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) or historically aspirin-induced asthma and Samter's Triad, is a long-term disease defined by three simultaneous symptoms: asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and intolerance of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).