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Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma but also occurs frequently in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [2] In the Lung Health Study, bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two-thirds of patients with non-severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other ...
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction ( EIB) occurs when the airways narrow as a result of exercise. This condition has been referred to as exercise-induced asthma ( EIA ); however, this term is no longer preferred. [ 1] While exercise does not cause asthma, it is frequently an asthma trigger.
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. [ 4] It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered bronchospasms. [ 9][ 10] Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. [ 3]
Brittle asthma is a type of asthma distinguishable from other forms by recurrent, severe attacks. [ 1][ 2][ 3] There are two subtypes divided by symptoms: Type 1 and Type 2, [ 4] depending on the stability of the patient's maximum speed of expiration, or peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Type 1 is characterized by a maintained wide PEF ...
Acute severe asthma, also known as status asthmaticus, is an acute exacerbation of asthma that does not respond to standard treatments of bronchodilators (inhalers) and corticosteroids. [2] Asthma is caused by multiple genes , some having protective effect, with each gene having its own tendency to be influenced by the environment although a ...
Reactive airway disease. Reactive airway disease ( RAD) is an informal label that physicians apply to patients with symptoms similar to those of asthma. [ 1] An exact definition of the condition does not exist. [ 1][ 2] Individuals who are typically labeled as having RAD generally have a history of wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, and production of ...
Bronchospasm or a bronchial spasm is a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. It is caused by the release ( degranulation) of substances from mast cells or basophils under the influence of anaphylatoxins. It causes difficulty in breathing which ranges from mild to severe. Bronchospasms occur in asthma, chronic ...
1–15% of cystic fibrosis patients and 2.5% of adults with severe asthma. [ 3] Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ( ABPA) is a condition characterised by an exaggerated response of the immune system (a hypersensitivity response) to the fungus Aspergillus (most commonly Aspergillus fumigatus ). It occurs most often in people with asthma or ...