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History of machine translation. Machine translation is a sub-field of computational linguistics that investigates the use of software to translate text or speech from one natural language to another. In the 1950s, machine translation became a reality in research, although references to the subject can be found as early as the 17th century.
Kural translations by language. v. t. e. Machine translation is use of computational techniques to translate text or speech from one language to another, including the contextual, idiomatic and pragmatic nuances of both languages. Early approaches were mostly rule-based or statistical.
February. Proposal. The first known machine translation proposal was made in Estonia and involved a typewriter-translator. [1] 1933. July 5. Proposal. Georges Artsrouni patents a general-purpose device with many potential applications in France. He seems to have been working on the device since 1929.
Little further research in machine translation was conducted until the late 1980s, when the first statistical machine translation systems were developed. Some notably successful NLP systems developed in the 1960s were SHRDLU, a natural language system working in restricted "blocks worlds" with restricted vocabularies.
Statistical machine translation. Statistical machine translation ( SMT) was a machine translation approach, that superseded the previous, rule-based approach because it required explicit description of each and every linguistic rule, which was costly, and which often did not generalize to other languages. Since 2003, the statistical approach ...
Neural machine translation ( NMT) is an approach to machine translation that uses an artificial neural network to predict the likelihood of a sequence of words, typically modeling entire sentences in a single integrated model. It is the dominant approach today [1] : 293 [2] : 1 and can produce translations that rival human translations when ...
There are three different types of rule-based machine translation systems: Direct Systems ( Dictionary Based Machine Translation) map input to output with basic rules. Transfer RBMT Systems ( Transfer Based Machine Translation) employ morphological and syntactical analysis. Interlingual RBMT Systems ( Interlingua) use an abstract meaning.
Interlingual machine translation. Figure 1. Demonstration of the languages which are used in the process of translating using a bridge language. Interlingual machine translation is one of the classic approaches to machine translation. In this approach, the source language, i.e. the text to be translated is transformed into an interlingua, i.e ...