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Corrective lens. A corrective lens is a transmissive optical device that is worn on the eye to improve visual perception. The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. Glasses or "spectacles" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.
Radial keratotomy ( RK) is a refractive surgical procedure to correct myopia (nearsightedness). It was developed in 1974 by Svyatoslav Fyodorov, a Russian ophthalmologist. It has been largely supplanted by newer, more accurate operations, such as photorefractive keratectomy, LASIK, Epi-LASIK and the phakic intraocular lens.
For patients with moderate to high myopia or thin corneas which cannot be treated with LASIK and PRK, the phakic intraocular lens is an alternative. [3] [4] As of 2018, roughly 9.5 million Americans have had LASIK [1] [5] and, globally, between 1991 and 2016, more than 40 million procedures were performed.
Treatment. Eyeglasses, contact lenses, refractive surgeries, IOL implantation [ 2] Frequency. ~7.5% (US) [ 5] Far-sightedness, also known as long-sightedness, hypermetropia, and hyperopia, is a condition of the eye where distant objects are seen clearly but near objects appear blurred.
The prevalence of myopia has been reported as high as 70–90% in some Asian countries, 30–40% in Europe and the United States, and 10–20% in Africa. [131] Myopia is about twice as common in Jewish people than in people of non-Jewish ethnicity. [133] Myopia is less common in African people and associated diaspora. [130]
Aberrations of the eye. The eye, like any other optical system, suffers from a number of specific optical aberrations. The optical quality of the eye is limited by optical aberrations, diffraction and scatter. [1] Correction of spherocylindrical refractive errors has been possible for nearly two centuries following Airy's development of methods ...