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In the 1987 Boca do Acre study, scientists did an epidemiological survey and reported delta virus infection in 24% of asymptomatic HBV carriers, 29% of acute nonfulminant hepatitis B cases, 74% of fulminant hepatitis B cases, and 100% of chronic hepatitis B cases. [62] The delta virus seems to be endemic in the Amazon region. [65]
Sapovirus is a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus about 7.7kb in size. The virus has a 3'-end poly (A) tail but not a 5' cap. Sapovirus has an icosahedral structure that contains 180 subunits (T=3). The diameter of the capsid is between 27 and 40 nm. [ 10]
The duration that hantaviruses remain infectious in the environment varies based on factors such as the rodent's diet, temperature, humidity, and whether indoors or outdoors. The viruses have been demonstrated to remain active for 2–3 days at normal room temperature, while ultraviolet rays in direct sunlight kill them within a few hours.
Shingles. Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. [ 2][ 6] Typically the rash occurs in a single, wide mark either on the left or right side of the body or face. [ 1] Two to four days before the rash occurs there may be tingling or local pain in the area ...
A viral titer is the lowest concentration of a virus that still infects cells. To determine the titer, several dilutions are prepared, such as 10 −1, 10 −2, 10 −3, ... 10 −8. [1] The titer of a fat is the temperature, in degrees Celsius, at which it solidifies. [4] The higher the titer, the harder the fat.
Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria, also called Salmonella typhi. [ 2][ 3] Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. [ 4][ 5] Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several days. [ 4]
Thyroiditis is a group of disorders that all cause thyroidal inflammation. Forms of the disease are Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the US, postpartum thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis, silent thyroiditis, drug-induced thyroiditis, radiation-induced thyroiditis, acute thyroiditis, Riedel's thyroiditis.
Capsid. Schematic of a cytomegalovirus. Illustration of geometric model changing between two possible capsids. A similar change of size has been observed as the result of a single amino-acid mutation [ 1] A capsid is the protein shell of a virus, enclosing its genetic material. It consists of several oligomeric (repeating) structural subunits ...