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Reactive airway disease. Reactive airway disease ( RAD) is an informal label that physicians apply to patients with symptoms similar to those of asthma. [ 1] An exact definition of the condition does not exist. [ 1][ 2] Individuals who are typically labeled as having RAD generally have a history of wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, and production of ...
Laryngopharyngeal reflux ( LPR) or laryngopharyngeal reflux disease ( LPRD) is the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx and/or the nasopharynx. [ 4][ 5] LPR causes respiratory symptoms such as cough and wheezing [ 6] and is often associated with head and neck complaints such as dysphonia, globus pharyngis, and ...
Moderate to high intensity exercise. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction ( EIB) occurs when the airways narrow as a result of exercise. This condition has been referred to as exercise-induced asthma ( EIA ); however, this term is no longer preferred. [ 1] While exercise does not cause asthma, it is frequently an asthma trigger.
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. [4] It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and easily triggered bronchospasms. [9] [10] Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. [3]
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma but also occurs frequently in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [2] In the Lung Health Study, bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two-thirds of patients with non-severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other ...
Allergic rhinitis is the type of allergy that affects the greatest number of people. [10] In Western countries, between 10 and 30% of people are affected in a given year. [2] [7] It is most common between the ages of twenty and forty. [2] The first accurate description is from the 10th-century physician Abu Bakr al-Razi. [11]
Specialty. Pulmonology. Bronchospasm or a bronchial spasm is a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. It is caused by the release ( degranulation) of substances from mast cells or basophils under the influence of anaphylatoxins. It causes difficulty in breathing which ranges from mild to severe.
Shortness of breath (SOB), known as dyspnea (in AmE) or dyspnoea (in BrE), is an uncomfortable feeling of not being able to breathe well enough. The American Thoracic Society defines it as "a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity", and recommends evaluating dyspnea by assessing the intensity of its distinct ...