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Sulfuric acid is a very important commodity chemical, and indeed, a nation's sulfuric acid production is a good indicator of its industrial strength. [9] World production in the year 2004 was about 180 million tonnes , with the following geographic distribution: Asia 35%, North America (including Mexico) 24%, Africa 11%, Western Europe 10% ...
Sulfur dioxide is the product of the burning of sulfur or of burning materials that contain sulfur: 1⁄8 S8 + O2 → SO2, ΔH = −297 kJ/mol. To aid combustion, liquified sulfur (140–150 °C (284–302 °F) is sprayed through an atomizing nozzle to generate fine drops of sulfur with a large surface area.
Frigorific mixture. A frigorific mixture is a mixture of two or more phases in a chemical system that, so long as none of the phases are completely consumed during equilibration, reaches an equilibrium temperature that is independent of the starting temperature of the phases before they are mixed. The equilibrium temperature is also independent ...
Contact process. The contact process is the current method of producing sulfuric acid in the high concentrations needed for industrial processes. Platinum was originally used as the catalyst for this reaction; however, as it is susceptible to reacting with arsenic impurities in the sulfur feedstock, vanadium (V) oxide (V 2 O 5) is now preferred.
Sulfur is an essential component of all living cells. It is the eighth most abundant element in the human body by weight, [ 100] about equal in abundance to potassium, and slightly greater than sodium and chlorine. [ 101] A 70 kg (150 lb) human body contains about 140 grams (4.9 oz) of sulfur. [ 102]
Oleum is a useful form for transporting sulfuric acid compounds, typically in rail tank cars, between oil refineries, which produce various sulfur compounds as a byproduct of refining, and industrial consumers. Certain compositions of oleum are solid at room temperature, and thus are safer to ship than as a liquid.
Sodium bicarbonate ( IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate[ 9] ), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation ( Na +) and a bicarbonate anion ( HCO 3− ). Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder.
Sulfate aerosols are mostly inorganic sulfur compounds like (SO 4 2-),HSO 4-and H 2 SO 4-, [110] which are mainly produced when sulfur dioxide reacts with water vapor to form gaseous sulfuric acid and various salts (often through an oxidation reaction in the clouds), which are then thought to experience hygroscopic growth and coagulation and ...