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Six-speed manual transmissions started to emerge in high-performance vehicles in the early 1990s, such as the 1990 BMW 850i and the 1992 Ferrari 456. The first 6-speed manual transmission was introduced in the 1967 Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale. The first 7-speed manual transmission was introduced in the 2012 Porsche 911 (991).
Automated manual transmissions can be semi-automatic or fully-automatic in operation. Several different systems to automate the clutch and/or shifting have been used over the years, but they will generally use one of the following methods of actuation for the clutch and/or shifting: hydraulic or electro-hydraulic actuation, [12] electro-mechanical, [13] pneumatic, [6] [14] [15] electromagnetic ...
A preselector gearbox is a type of manual transmission mostly used on passenger cars and racing cars in the 1930s, in buses from 1940–1960 and in armoured vehicles from the 1930s to the 1970s. The defining characteristic of a preselector gearbox is that the gear shift lever allowed the driver to "pre-select" the next gear, usually with the ...
A transmission control unit ( TCU ), also known as a transmission control module ( TCM ), or a gearbox control unit ( GCU ), is a type of automotive ECU that is used to control electronic automatic transmissions. Similar systems are used in conjunction with various semi-automatic transmissions, purely for clutch automation and actuation.
By 2009, traction control was an option for several models offered by BMW and Ducati, the model year 2010 Kawasaki Concours 14 (1400GTR) and Honda CBR 650R in the year 2019, and Triumph "Modern Classic" line of motorcycles. In off-road vehicles: Traction control is used instead of or in addition to, the mechanical limited-slip or locking ...
The J-series is a 6-speed manual transmission for rear-wheel drive applications, built by Aisin Seiki (Type AZ6). This transmission was used in the Altezza AS200 and RS200. The same Aisin AZ6 transmission is also found in other models such as the Mazda MX-5 (Miata), Nissan Silvia, Mazda RX-8, Lexus IS and Toyota 86/Scion FR-S/Subaru BRZ. Models:
An RC flyer demonstrating knife edge flying. A radio-controlled aircraft (often called RC aircraft or RC plane) is a small flying machine that is radio controlled by an operator on the ground using a hand-held radio transmitter. The transmitter continuously communicates with a receiver within the craft that sends signals to servomechanisms ...
Drive by wire or DbW technology in the automotive industry is the use of electronic or electro-mechanical systems in place of mechanical linkages that control driving functions. The concept is similar to fly-by-wire in the aviation industry. [ 2] Drive-by-wire may refer to just the propulsion of the vehicle through electronic throttle control ...