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Functional programming is an active area of research in the field of programming language theory. There are several peer-reviewed publication venues focusing on functional programming, including the International Conference on Functional Programming, the Journal of Functional Programming, and the Symposium on Trends in Functional Programming.
Declarative programming stands in contrast to imperative programming via imperative programming languages, where control flow is specified by serial orders (imperatives). (Pure) functional and logic-based programming languages are also declarative, and constitute the major subcategories of the declarative category. This section lists additional ...
Purely functional programming. In computer science, purely functional programming usually designates a programming paradigm —a style of building the structure and elements of computer programs—that treats all computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions . Program state and mutable objects are usually modeled with temporal logic ...
In functional programming, a monad is a structure that combines program fragments ( functions) and wraps their return values in a type with additional computation. In addition to defining a wrapping monadic type, monads define two operators: one to wrap a value in the monad type, and another to compose together functions that output values of ...
The table shows a comparison of functional programming languages which compares various features and designs of different functional programming languages. Name. Pure. Lazy evaluation. Typing. Abstract data types. Algebraic data types. Data is immutable. Type classes.
Functor (functional programming) Applying fmap (+1) to a binary tree of integers increments each integer in the tree by one. In functional programming, a functor is a design pattern inspired by the definition from category theory that allows one to apply a function to values inside a generic type without changing the structure of the generic type.
Function-level programming. In computer science, function-level programming refers to one of the two contrasting programming paradigms identified by John Backus in his work on programs as mathematical objects, the other being value-level programming . In his 1977 Turing Award lecture, Backus set forth what he considered to be the need to switch ...
Total functional programming. Total functional programming (also known as strong functional programming, [1] to be contrasted with ordinary, or weak functional programming) is a programming paradigm that restricts the range of programs to those that are provably terminating. [2]