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The Bell System Practices ( BSPs) is a compilation of technical publications which describes the best methods of engineering, constructing, installing, and maintaining the telephone plant of the Bell System under direction of AT&T and Bell Telephone Laboratories. [1] Covering everything from accounting and human resources procedures through ...
Model 302 telephone. The model 302 telephone is a desk set telephone that was manufactured in the United States by Western Electric from 1937 until 1955, and by Northern Electric in Canada until the late 1950s, until well after the introduction of the 500-type telephone in 1949. The sets were routinely refurbished into the 1960s.
A telephone switchboard was a device used to connect circuits of telephones to establish telephone calls between users or other switchboards throughout the 20th century. The switchboard was an essential component of a manual telephone exchange , and was operated by switchboard operators who used electrical cords or switches to establish the ...
PSTN network topology is the switching network topology of a telephone network connected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN).. In the United States and Canada, the Bell System network topology was the switching system hierarchy implemented and operated from c. 1930 to the 1980s for the purpose of integrating the diverse array of local telephone companies and telephone numbering ...
Plain old telephone service. Plain Old Telephone Service ( POTS ), or Plain Ordinary Telephone System, [1] is a retronym for voice-grade telephone service employing analog signal transmission over copper loops. Originally POTS stood for Post Office Telephone Service as early phone lines in most parts of the world were operated directly by the ...
A business telephone system is a telephone system typically used in business environments, encompassing the range of technology from the key telephone system ( KTS) to the private branch exchange ( PBX ). A business telephone system differs from an installation of several telephones with multiple central office (CO) lines in that the CO lines ...
Bell System. The Bell System was a system of telecommunication companies, led by the Bell Telephone Company and later by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T), that dominated the telephone services industry in North America for over 100 years from its creation in 1877 until its antitrust breakup in 1983.
The master telephone patent granted to Bell, 174465, March 10, 1876. The modern telephone is the result of the work of many people. [10] Alexander Graham Bell was, however, the first to patent the telephone, as an "apparatus for transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically".