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English grammar. English prepositions are words – such as of, in, on, at, from, etc. – that function as the head of a prepositional phrase, and most characteristically license a noun phrase object (e.g., in the water ). [ 1] Semantically, they most typically denote relations in space and time. [ 2] Morphologically, they are usually simple ...
Some examples of the use of English prepositions are given below. In each case, the prepositional phrase appears in italics, the preposition within it appears in bold, and the preposition's complement is underlined. As demonstrated in some of the examples, more than one prepositional phrase may act as an adjunct to the same word.
An adpositional phrase is a syntactic category that includes prepositional phrases, postpositional phrases, and circumpositional phrases. [ 1] Adpositional phrases contain an adposition (preposition, postposition, or circumposition) as head and usually a complement such as a noun phrase. Language syntax treats adpositional phrases as units that ...
Phrase structure rules. Phrase structure rules are a type of rewrite rule used to describe a given language's syntax and are closely associated with the early stages of transformational grammar, proposed by Noam Chomsky in 1957. [ 1] They are used to break down a natural language sentence into its constituent parts, also known as syntactic ...
Archaic, dialectal, or specialized. The following prepositions are not widely used in Present-Day English. Some, such as bating and forby, are archaic and typically only used to convey the tone of a bygone era. Others, such as ayond and side, are generally used only by speakers of a particular variety of English.
Syntactic category. A syntactic category is a syntactic unit that theories of syntax assume. [ 1] Word classes, largely corresponding to traditional parts of speech (e.g. noun, verb, preposition, etc.), are syntactic categories.
For example, in Mr Clinton is a man of wealth, the prepositional phrase of wealth modifies a man in a manner similar to how an adjective phrase would, and it can be reworded with an adjective, e.g. Mr Clinton is a wealthy man. A more accurate term for such cases is phrasal attributive or attributive phrase.
Prepositional pronoun. A prepositional pronoun is a special form of a personal pronoun that is used as the object of a preposition . English does not have a distinct grammatical case that relates solely to prepositional pronouns. Certain genitive pronouns [1] (e.g. a friend of hers; that dog of yours is as friendly as mine) both complement ...