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Fluoride's suppressive effect on the thyroid is more severe when iodine is deficient, and fluoride is associated with lower levels of iodine. [clarification needed] [30] Thyroid effects in humans were associated with fluoride levels 0.05–0.13 mg/kg/day when iodine intake was adequate and 0.01–0.03 mg/kg/day when iodine intake was inadequate.
The water fluoridation controversy arises from political, ethical, economic, and health considerations regarding the fluoridation of public water supplies . For deprived groups in both maturing and matured countries, international and national agencies and dental associations across the world support the safety and effectiveness of water ...
The CDC recommends water fluoridation at a level of 0.7–1.2 mg/L, depending on climate. The CDC also advises parents to monitor use of fluoride toothpaste, and use of water with fluoride concentrations above 2 mg/L, in children up to age 8. [30] There is a CDC database for researching the water fluoridation status of neighborhood water. [31]
There are claims online that fluoride is poisonous, but experts say that's a stretch. Excessive amounts of fluoride can be harmful, but it's rare and typically happens in young children. The ADA ...
Experts eventually discovered that the water in Colorado Springs had unusually high levels of fluoride — up to 12 milligrams per liter. Fluoride is a mineral found naturally in rocks, which then ...
Fluoridation does not affect the appearance, taste, or smell of drinking water.[1] It is normally accomplished by adding one of three compounds to the water: sodium fluoride, fluorosilicic acid, or sodium fluorosilicate. Sodium fluoride(NaF) was the first compound used and is the reference standard.[35]
Acute fluoride toxicity is possible if someone consumes five liters of fluoridated water at 1 mg/L per every kilogram of body weight, according to the ADA’s fluoridation fact sheet. For example ...
Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States, fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. In 1986, EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter (mg/L).