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Myelinogenesis is the formation and development of myelin sheaths in the nervous system, typically initiated in late prenatal neurodevelopment and continuing throughout postnatal development. [1] Myelinogenesis continues throughout the lifespan to support learning and memory via neural circuit plasticity as well as remyelination following ...
Remyelination. Remyelination is the process of propagating oligodendrocyte precursor cells to form oligodendrocytes to create new myelin sheaths on demyelinated axons in the Central nervous system (CNS). This is a process naturally regulated in the body and tends to be very efficient in a healthy CNS. [1] The process creates a thinner myelin ...
Myelin ( ⫽ ˈmaɪ.əlɪn ⫽ MY-ə-lin) is a lipid -rich material that surrounds nerve cell axons (the nervous system's electrical wires) to insulate them and increase the rate at which electrical impulses (called action potentials) pass along the axon. [1] [2] The myelinated axon can be likened to an electrical wire (the axon) with ...
A demyelinating disease refers to any disease affecting the nervous system where the myelin sheath surrounding neurons is damaged. [1] This damage disrupts the transmission of signals through the affected nerves, resulting in a decrease in their conduction ability. Consequently, this reduction in conduction can lead to deficiencies in sensation ...
Latin. incisura myelini. MeSH. D011901. TH. H2.00.06.2.03015. Anatomical terms of microanatomy. [ edit on Wikidata] In neuroscience and anatomy, nodes of Ranvier ( / ˈrɑːnvieɪ / RAHN-vee-ay ), [1] [2] also known as myelin-sheath gaps, occur along a myelinated axon where the axolemma is exposed to the extracellular space.
t. e. The development of the nervous system in humans, or neural development, or neurodevelopment involves the studies of embryology, developmental biology, and neuroscience. These describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the complex nervous system forms in humans, develops during prenatal development, and continues to develop ...
Myelinoid. A myelinoid or myelin organoid is a three dimensional in vitro cultured model derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that represents various brain regions, the spinal cord or the peripheral nervous system in early fetal human development. [1] [2] [3] Myelinoids have the capacity to recapitulate aspects of brain ...
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells ( OPCs ), also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells, NG2-glia, O2A cells, or polydendrocytes, are a subtype of glia in the central nervous system named for their essential role as precursors to oligodendrocytes. [1] They are typically identified in the human by co-expression ...