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2. Johnson–Nyquist noise - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson–Nyquist_noise

   Johnson 's 1927 experiment showed that if thermal noise from a resistance of with temperature is bandlimited to bandwidth , then its root mean squared voltage is in general, where is the Boltzmann constant. Johnson–Nyquist noise ( thermal noise, Johnson noise, or Nyquist noise) is the electronic noise generated by the thermal agitation of the ...

3. Noise temperature - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_temperature

   is the noise temperature (K, kelvin) Thus the noise temperature is proportional to the power spectral density of the noise, /. That is the power that would be absorbed from the component or source by a matched load. Noise temperature is generally a function of frequency, unlike that of an ideal resistor which is simply equal to the actual ...

4. Noise temperature (antenna) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_temperature_(antenna)

   Noise temperature (antenna) In radio frequency (RF) applications such as radio, radar and telecommunications, noise temperature of an antenna is a measure of the noise power density contributed by the antenna to the overall RF receiver system. It is defined as "the temperature of a resistor having an available thermal noise power per unit ...

5. Low-noise block downconverter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-noise_block_downconverter

   A low-noise block downconverter ( LNB) is the receiving device mounted on satellite dishes used for satellite TV reception, which collects the radio waves from the dish and converts them to a signal which is sent through a cable to the receiver inside the building. Also called a low-noise block, [ 1][ 2] low-noise converter ( LNC ), or even low ...

6. Antenna gain-to-noise-temperature - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_gain-to-noise...

   Antenna gain-to-noise-temperature ( G/T) is a figure of merit in the characterization of antenna performance, where G is the antenna gain in decibels at the receive frequency, and T is the equivalent noise temperature of the receiving system in kelvins. The receiving system noise temperature is the summation of the antenna noise temperature and ...

7. Microwave radiometer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwave_radiometer

   A microwave radiometer (MWR) is a radiometer that measures energy emitted at one millimeter-to-metre wavelengths (frequencies of 0.3–300 GHz) known as microwaves. Microwave radiometers are very sensitive receivers designed to measure thermally-emitted electromagnetic radiation. They are usually equipped with multiple receiving channels to ...

8. Noise reduction coefficient - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_reduction_coefficient

   The noise reduction coefficient (commonly abbreviated NRC) is a single number value ranging from 0.0 to 1.0 that describes the average sound absorption performance of a material. An NRC of 0.0 indicates the object does not attenuate mid-frequency sounds, but rather reflects sound energy. This is more conceptual than physically achievable: even ...

9. Noise (electronics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_(electronics)

   In electronics, noise is an unwanted disturbance in an electrical signal. [ 1]: 5. Noise generated by electronic devices varies greatly as it is produced by several different effects. In particular, noise is inherent in physics and central to thermodynamics. Any conductor with electrical resistance will generate thermal noise inherently.