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Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria, also called Salmonella typhi. [ 2][ 3] Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. [ 4][ 5] Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several days. [ 4]
Secretor status refers to the presence or absence of water-soluble ABO blood group antigens in a person's bodily fluids, such as saliva, tears, breast milk, urine, and semen. People who secrete these antigens in their bodily fluids are referred to as secretors, while people who do not are termed non-secretors.
Euthyroid sick syndrome ( ESS) is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control [ 1] wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. This condition may result from allostatic responses of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid feedback control, dyshomeostatic disorders ...
A transmission electron microscope image of isolated T3SS needle complexes from Salmonella typhimurium. The type III secretion system ( T3SS or TTSS) is one of the bacterial secretion systems used by bacteria to secrete their effector proteins into the host's cells to promote virulence and colonisation. [ 1][ 2] While the type III secretion ...
Sapovirus is a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus about 7.7kb in size. The virus has a 3'-end poly (A) tail but not a 5' cap. Sapovirus has an icosahedral structure that contains 180 subunits (T=3). The diameter of the capsid is between 27 and 40 nm. [ 10]
A viral titer is the lowest concentration of a virus that still infects cells. To determine the titer, several dilutions are prepared, such as 10 −1, 10 −2, 10 −3, ... 10 −8. [1] The titer of a fat is the temperature, in degrees Celsius, at which it solidifies. [4] The higher the titer, the harder the fat.
Shingles. Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. [ 2][ 6] Typically the rash occurs in a single, wide mark either on the left or right side of the body or face. [ 1] Two to four days before the rash occurs there may be tingling or local pain in the area ...
Bloodstream infections ( BSIs) are infections of blood caused by blood-borne pathogens. [ 1] The detection of microbes in the blood (most commonly accomplished by blood cultures [ 2]) is always abnormal. A bloodstream infection is different from sepsis, which is characterized by severe inflammatory or immune responses of the host organism to ...