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Combustibility and flammability. A combustible material is a material that can burn (i.e., sustain a flame) in air under certain conditions. A material is flammable if it ignites easily at ambient temperatures. In other words, a combustible material ignites with some effort and a flammable material catches fire immediately on exposure to flame.
In condensed matter physics, a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at very low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero, i.e., 0 K (−273.15 °C; −459.67 °F).
HAZMAT Class 3 Flammable liquids. A flammable liquid is a liquid with flash point of not more than 60.5 °C (141 °F), or any material in a liquid phase with a flash point at or above 37.8 °C (100 °F) that is intentionally heated and offered for transportation or transported at or above its flash point in a bulk packaging.
List of states of matter. Matter organizes into various phases or states of matter depending on its constituents and external factors like pressure and temperature. In common temperatures and pressures, atoms form the three classical states of matter: solid, liquid and gas. Complex molecules can also form various mesophases such as liquid ...
The constant volume adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature that results from a complete combustion process that occurs without any work, heat transfer or changes in kinetic or potential energy. Its temperature is higher than in the constant pressure process because no energy is utilized to change the volume of the system (i.e., generate ...
Thermodynamic temperature is a quantity defined in thermodynamics as distinct from kinetic theory or statistical mechanics.. Historically, thermodynamic temperature was defined by Lord Kelvin in terms of a macroscopic relation between thermodynamic work and heat transfer as defined in thermodynamics, but the kelvin was redefined by international agreement in 2019 in terms of phenomena that are ...
192 K, Debye temperature of ice. 273.15 K (0 °C), melting point of bound water. 273.16 K (0.01 °C), temperature of triple point of water. c. 293 K, room temperature. 373.15 K (100 °C), boiling point of bound water at sea level. 647 K, critical point of superheated water. 737.5 K, mean on Venus.
A theoretical understanding of temperature in a hard-sphere model of a gas can be obtained from the Kinetic theory. Maxwell and Boltzmann developed a kinetic theory that yields a fundamental understanding of temperature in gases. [78] This theory also explains the ideal gas law and the observed heat capacity of monatomic (or 'noble') gases. [79 ...