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A protist (/ ˈproʊtɪst / PROH-tist) or protoctist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, land plant, or fungus. Protists do not form a natural group, or clade, but are a polyphyletic grouping of several independent clades that evolved from the last eukaryotic common ancestor. Protists were historically regarded as a separate taxonomic kingdom known as Protista or Protoctista ...
Taxonomy of Protista. Appearance. A modern non-hierarchical interpretation of the phylogeny of eukaryotes, including protists. A protist (/ ˈproʊtɪst /) is any eukaryotic organism (one with cells containing a nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus.
A variety of multi-kingdom systems were proposed, and the Kingdoms Protista and Protoctista became established in biology texts and curricula. [ 22 ][ 23 ][ 24 ] By 1954, Protozoa were classified as "unicellular animals", as distinct from the "Protophyta", single-celled photosynthetic algae, which were considered primitive plants. [ 25 ]
The initial targets of Cavalier-Smith's classification, the protozoa were classified as members of the animal kingdom, [12] and many algae were regarded as part of the plant kingdom. With growing awareness that the animals and plants embraced unrelated taxa, the use of the two kingdom system was rejected by specialists.
The phylum Sarcomastigophora belongs to the Protista or protoctista kingdom and it includes many unicellular or colonial, autotrophic, or heterotrophic organisms. It is characterized by flagella, pseudopodia, or both. [1]
Protist locomotion. Protists are the eukaryotes that cannot be classified as plants, fungi or animals. They are mostly unicellular and microscopic. Many unicellular protists, particularly protozoans, are motile and can generate movement using flagella, cilia or pseudopods.
Marine protists are defined by their habitat as protists that live in marine environments, that is, in the saltwater of seas or oceans or the brackish water of coastal estuaries. Life originated as marine single-celled prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) and later evolved into more complex eukaryotes. Eukaryotes are the more developed life forms ...
Protists in the fossil record. Diversity of protists. A protist is any eukaryotic organism (that is, an organism whose cells contain a cell nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus. While it is likely that protists share a common ancestor, the last eukaryotic common ancestor, [1] the exclusion of other eukaryotes means that protists do ...